Some mysterious spikes of light at the dawn of the universe may be the type of object that we have never seen before.
Based on the new analysis of the “small red spot” (LRD), nicknamed in the rock, these unexplained objects can be supermassive black holes wrapped in huge, dense gas clouds such as atmosphere surrounding the star core.
This is a very neat explanation that solves problem astronomers to reconcile: “Break” in the LRDS light, which makes the early galaxies of the universe look older than possible.
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“We … We conclude that the continuity of the optical and close infrared rays Cliff cannot come from massive, developed star populations with extremely high stars density,” writes the team, headed by astrophysicist Anna de Graaf of Max Plaffe Institute in Astronomy in Germany.
“Instead, we claim that the most likely model is the shining ionizing source, which was reddened by dense, absorbing gas close. At the moment, the only model that can create the strength and shape of the observed Balmer break is the black hole stars.”
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The Balmer break is a sudden change in an object spectrum in a space located in the ultraviolet part of the spectrum, where the shorter wavelength light on one side of the line is much smaller than the light of the larger wavelength on the other side of the line. This feature is created by the absorption of shorter wavelengths with hydrogen atoms.
A strong Balmer break is associated with galaxies with a dominant type A star population, which is only the right temperature to absorb light at the right wavelength.
Here’s Kicker: To show that strong Balmer break, those galaxies must be old enough to have the earliest dominant Oh and B stars populations to die, leaving Type A stars responsible for most of the galaxy light, without any new or non -new star formation.
Many LRDs show a strong Balmer break when the era starts just 600 million years after the Great Bang, 13.8 billion years ago. Scientists believe that the life expectancy of the universe for the galaxy has reached the dominant type A population stage early.
For its part, this led to a bit of investigation of what it could be at the dawn of this little red light, from primordial black holes to super -moody stars seeds.
Cliff reflects a whole new level of challenge with a light of 11.9 billion years, with Balmer’s break, which is the brightest, yet LRD.
“The extreme rocks forced us to return to the drawings board and come up with completely new models,” explained De Graaff.
Now the galaxies are not the only objects showing Balmer breaks. If a whole bunch of stars together can make a Balmer break in the galaxy spectrum, it means that each of those individual stars also demonstrates this function. Researchers noted that the rock spectrum looked closer to what they expect to see in one star, not throughout the galaxy.
With this peculiarity in mind, the researchers created a model that they called the “black hole star”: a supermassive black hole, actively nourishing from an accumulative disk surrounded by a red, non -dust, but a thick envelope of hydrogen.
The structure is a bit like a star wrapped in burning hot plasma, but instead of core fusion atoms, as we can see in the stars, the center of the black hole stars is… okay… a black hole similar to the active nucleus of the galaxy in the heart of the galaxy, which heats the turbulent hydrogen.
The artist’s impression of the star of the black hole. (MPIA/HDA/T. Müller/a. De Graaff)
Nowadays it is just a model, but the team’s modeling “Black Hole” star repeated the spectrum noticed on a rock, extremely good. This shows that at least some of the LRDs on vacation in the early universe may be these strange black holes masked like galaxies.
Currently, the theory is very: theory. In order to determine not only whether the Black Hole stars are real, but also how they form and develop, additional research is needed and what their other features may mean. However, it certainly seems likely and at least partially solved the LRD problem without taking our understanding of the universe.
“Cliff provides the strongest direct evidence that Balmer breaks and optical, optical to almost infrared spectral energy distribution LRD, may dominate the exhaust from the active galactic nucleus, not developed stars, although many open questions about black holes
“Due to the relatively modest red displacement, high quality JWST spectrophotometric coverage, it continues through a wide range of recreation shots. These strictly restrictions make the rock the ideal benchmark for the future active galaxy nucleus and black hole stars models.”
The investigation has been published Astronomy and astrophysics;