“Hearst magazines and Yahoo can earn commissions or income from some items through these links.”
That’s what you will find out after reading this story:
-
Over a thousand miles from the surface, the Earth D “layer – directly on the edge of the liquid metal outer core – is a strange momentum of seismic waves.
-
Experiments restoring the phenomenon in the laboratory found that it is the result of post-perovscitic crystals formed from pereovskitis.
-
Combining these crystals leads to their hardness, which determines how quickly seismic waves can move through them.
Deep under the ground, there are soil layers, rock layers, often inserted into fossil, sipping magma and – back. Before yours A trip to the center of the Earth The mission can be even further, you will have to pass through the Solid Rock flow.
The D “layer between the layers of the magma above and the external external core liquid rocks have been mystified by the scientists for decades. This is partly because if you dived down 2700 kilometers (1,700 miles), you would have jumped in seismatic waves that will speed up when they hit the D” layer D “. In the past, it was thought that this was the reason for this was the mineral pertovskite found in the lower mantle, dividing into a form called post-overhill, close to D “layer. But that was still not enough to explain the phenomenon.
Geoscientist Motohiko Murakami wanted to investigate what could be a strange grade of seismic waves known as “unevenness. Increase in seismic waves.
Post-Perovskitis crystals are anisotropic, meaning that their physical properties are different when measured in different directions. They have two different types of textures-one stems from transformation (phase transition from the phase phase to post -perovskit), and the other-degradation result (when post-transovskitis crystals turn to the same direction). Murakami and his team learned that sipping is not just about transformation. This actually happens with deformation.
“Deformation-induced texture forms, when crystals experience plastic deformation, are therefore mainly coordinated in specific directions. This is mainly made by slipping or creeping dislocation,” said Murakami, a recently published journal, published in a magazine, published in a magazine, published in a magazine In a magazine published in a magazine published in a magazine, published in a magazine, published in a magazine, published in a magazine, published in a magazine published in a magazine, published in a magazine. Land and environment;
The way the post -perovskitis crystals are smoothed leads to their hardness, and the speed of seismic waves through them depends on how heavy they are. The materials called pereovskites can be made of all materials that can be divided into the same cubic crystal structure. Perovskit is a mineral of calcium titanium oxide (CATO3), while post-overhur is a form of magnesium silicate (mgsio ‘3) achieved at extremely high pressure. Its crystal structure is orthodox, which means that rectangular cubes corners have uneven axes.
In order for the crystals to match each other after the transfer, all axes must be in the same position. Murakami used mggeo3 To create crystals, similar to post-transmoves. How to rearrange, mggeo3 Crystals are easily deformed when the pressure is applied, so as they behaved, reflecting to have more than a thousand miles underground. The crystals were heated with laser, compressed and heated again to synthesize the post -perovskit. They were then exposed to high pressure sound waves, and the wave speed was measured when those waves passed through crystals.
It turned out that sound waves could dramatically increase speed when passing through the levels of post -perovskitis crystals. Researchers also learned that the reason for this alignment that determines the hardness of the material, and thus the speed of sound waves in the laboratory and seismic waves deep in the ground – is a convection. As the hotter material rises, cooler material sank, as in convection storms such as hurricanes.
Murakami believes that the convection of the mantle substances (eg Plums rises and Slavs drowned) is behind the deformation in D “.
“Although previous theoretical work shows that anisotropy may explain the seismic inequalities that have been observed,” he said. “Our results obtained by in -situations after the passage speed at high pressure show an experimental inspection of this hypothesis by filling the gap between theory and monitoring.”
You may also like it