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The Milk Road Galaxy Center (embedded) is strange, the death penalty stars that can survive close meetings with our Galaxy supermassive black hole. New studies reveal unexpected side effects of these bold flights. ; | Credit: ESA – C. Carreau
Black holes are often regarded as space monsters that Swallow anything Dissatisfied to get too close. However, new studies show that they do not always win – some stars can demolish Milk Roadthe central black hole, Sagittarius a*; to lose mass; And leaning down. Scars, but alive, these survivors shine brighter than before, leaving clues that astronomers are just learning to read now.
“Just as the moon pulls floods on earth, a Black hole trucks on the star with a much greater force ‘ Rewa Clark BushLive Science, a doctoral student and main study author of Yale University Astronomy, told email. In the letter. Press too far and the star is revealed. However, some withstand tension. “One of the stars we modeled lost more than 60 percent of its envelope, but still retained enough basic material to survive and escape,” Bush said.
The authors believe that after counting the stars of the survivors, astronomers can assess how often the shooter A* feeds on nearby stars – and the number can help explain how our galaxy central black hole has grown to 4 million times higher than solar mass.
“Black holes are like a chicken cooperative that eats only what is feeding” Heine FalckeAstrophysics, a professor at the University of Radboud, who did not participate in the study, told Livescience by email. In the letter. “The study provides a new set of tools to find these planned stars and find out about the story of our” Galactic Center “Black Hole feeding habits.”
Brighter after the storm
The team used advanced 3D modeling to follow the stars passing through the black hole of the milk road and follow their long -term evolution. Results published on August 27 Letters of astrophysical magazinesshowed that almost missing, known as a partial flood disorder, can cause amazing transformation. The Survivor star can throw plasma strips, swell many times to the original size and glow up to 10 times brighter for thousands of years.
But the show lasts. The surviving stars gradually shrink and begin to mask as ordinary stars. Their only gift is chemical: violence from the core to the surface increases helium and nitrogen.
The illustration of the stars close to the black hole and the flood disturbed, without being completely destroyed. This process can cause brighter, long -term stars in the center of the Milky Way. | Credit: ESA
“You will need to take spectroscopic data,” Bush said – divided the light of the stars into the colors of his component – “notice anomalies revealing the trauma.”
Giuseppe LodatoAssociate Professor at the University of Milan, who did not participate in the study, Email Live Science. The letter said that although surviving stars are well known to astrophysicists, this study is distinguished by their brightness and chemical development.
Hint to G objects
The study may also be a secret that has remained in the nucleus of the Bird Way for many years. Astronomers noticed several hazy light sources known as G objects; These bodies move like stars, but between infrared images look like diffuse clouds. Survivor stars correspond to the description – they are swollen and wrapped in a substance inflated in disruption.
“It is very interesting how the authors make a connection with the still mysterious and highly debated G objects” Selma de MinkScientific Director of the Max Planck Institute of Astrophysics in Germany, who did not participate in the study, told Live Science by email. In the letter.
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It is not an easy task to spot these stars. SJoeert van VelzenAssociate Professor at the Dutch Leiden Observatory, who did not participate in the study, Email of Live Science. Said in a letter that even the most ambitious new research such as those they did Vera C. Rubin ObservatoryIt will reveal thousands of pronounced tenderness due to full flood disorders in distant galaxies, not weak residues that slip.
“The center of the galaxy is crowded and Stardust blocks most optical light,” said de Mink. Infrared instruments such as Gravitywhich it equates to the smoke pierced smoke, it is better to identify swollen stars that can hide between mysterious G objects.