Physicists have found a ghost persecution in the world's most famous particle accelerator

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CERN Super Proton Synchrotron 2026 Will turn 50 years old – and he has a resonant “ghost”.
Using mathematics, physicists appreciated and model how these resonant lines intersect.
A 3D -shaped modeling requires a 4D equation system over time.

In research published in the magazine Nature physicsCERN researchers in Switzerland and Goethe University in Frankfurt in Germany announced that they wereolated a resonant “ghost” that influences particles, treating the Super Proton Synchotron (SPS).

It is a form of 3D that changes over time, which means that it is best measured in 4D. And the secret is the same reason you spill coffee while walking back to your desk, or superfitting friends off the trampoline.

SPS is a ring that is almost four miles in diameter dating back to the 1970s. It sounds like ancient history, but SPS remained vital CERN. 2019 She received an improved “Beam Landfill”, which is like a running truck ramp for large powerful beams inside the SPS. So when the researchers noticed a ghost of the car, so to speak, they knew the importance of maps and understanding future work.

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The ghost is caused by resonance. When things have energy and cause waves, those waves can interact with each other and create strange small beaches, where energy intensifies. When you walk with coffee, each step creates waves in a liquid that eventually meets each other and spills. On the trampoline, one person jumps “into” another person’s jump and is resonated to a much larger jump. And SPS spilled harmonic coffee means losing the essential photons in so -called fiber degradation.

“It is very important to understand the resonance and nonlinear dynamics in the active physics of the activist to prevent the loss of fiber particles,” the scientists explain on paper. And how difficult it grows when the problem in question takes on more moving parts and more “degrees of freedom”. Each moving part, including connections, creates its own vibrations.

The decomposition of the beam is a huge problem, especially when the protons fibers are discussed increasingly energetic and firm. And in harmony in sophisticated systems, it affects any experiment when particles interact inside the vessel, such as nuclear synthesis research into Tokamaks. Thus, harmonic interference is also a huge problem in trying to achieve productive nuclear synthesis, creating dead areas where the energy flow can lose vital heat energy.

Inside the SP, the particles have only two degrees of freedom, which does not sound so difficult. Like photons inside the fiber -optic line, these SLS photons travel the road. But they can also “bounce” on that road, because even the thickness of the narrow beams or cable is still thick. SPS is not a thick donut, but it is still a real donut, not a circle in the illustration of the geometry book.

And that “bounce” is distorted by the factors of man and reality. SPS can be one of the premiere devices in the world, but everything in science has to be done with what we have. Magnets feeding on these devices are imperfect, and even small fluctuations in magnetism can cause resonance. To quantify this, the researchers made measurements from approximately the SPS ring and used data to create a mathematics model called the Poincaré section.

A Poincaré ChapterYou stabilize one element (in this case a “fixed line”, which researchers mentioned on their paper) and step through the system by displaying all the intersections of other elements until you form the entire “surface”. The results are like a MRI, but for a dynamic system whose shape can change at each step – and in this case adding time as a fourth dimension. And because resonance in a closed system such as SPS, recurring, 4D surface examination can occur as a well -made GIF.

In their mathematics, the team found that fixed lines could predict where particles would form. By spending time exploring and modeling the phenomenon, they expect to help researchers who create strategies to mitigate the effects of these fixed harmonic lines.

This work could also help those who build new particle accelerators, first and foremost avoid the creation of the magnet “ghost”, which could save a lot of money because the beams and data are intact and higher quality results provide less work.

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Physicists have found a ghost persecution in the world’s most famous particle accelerator

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