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(Main) The theoretical “black hole stars” (inserted) JWST illustration. | Credit: T. Müller/a. De Graaf/Max Planck Institute of Astronomy
New research shows that “small red dots” in the early universe can actually be a new space of the space object: black hole stars. If this theory is correct, it could explain how black holes managed to grow to supermassive sizes until the universe was as much as 1 billion years.
Small red dots are one of the most interesting objects of heaven that James Webb’s Space Telescope (JWST) is still watching. Astronomers theorers theoretics are an early galaxy that existed earlier than 700 million years after the Great Bang, which is unlike anything seen in a local and “modern” 13.8 billion old universe.
If these are galaxies, these small red dots are surprisingly mature and well -developed galaxies that exist shortly after the big bang, packed with aging and cold red stars. In fact, the concept is so worrying to scientists that some have called the small red dots of “universe breaks” because they are challenging what we think we know about the formation of galaxy and cosmic evolution. However, this new study could apply some superhopa to our defective theories, offering a new identity to small red dots and a completely new space of the space object.
After analyzing small red dots, the researchers suggested that, instead of former ancient, well -developed galaxies, small red dots can be huge dense and hot gas spheres that look like a star atmosphere. However, instead of feeding on nuclear synthesis, like the stars, the engines of these objects are supermassive black holes, greedily nourishing the surrounding materials and the bombing energy.
“Basically, we looked at enough red dots until we saw the atmosphere that we could not explain it as the typical stars we expected from the galaxy,” Joel Lya, a team member and researcher at Penn State University, said. “This is a really elegant answer because we thought it was a small galaxy full of many individual cold stars, but in reality it is one giant, very cold star.”
Some JWST discovered “small red dots” galaxies, are they actually a black hole stars? | Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STSCI, Dale Kocevski (Colby College)
The theory could explain why small red dots look more massive and much brighter than galactic formation models show. To be so bright, the galaxy should be loaded with stars with impossible density.
“The nightgown of such a galaxy would be dazzling,” said Bingjie Wang, a researcher at Princeton University. “If this interpretation is valid, it means that stars that have formed through extraordinary processes that have never been seen before.”
Little red dot theories fell off the “rock”
Initially believing that small red dots are ancient galaxies, Laya and colleagues from these objects have explored the light at different wavelengths or spectels in 2024. In July of that year, this study led to the discovery of an early and large object they nicknamed “Rocks”.
The team realized that the rocks in about 12 billion light -years of the Earth were exactly the object they needed to investigate the nature of small jwst red dots.
“Extreme rock features have forced us to return to the drawing board and come up with completely new models,” said Ann de Graaff, a team member and Max Planck Astronomical Institute.
Is it a supermassive black hole surrounded by an illustration of a huge gas and dust disk, or are these things called small red dots? | Credit: Robert Lea (created with Canva)
Cliff spectra stated that it stems from one object, not many densely packed stars. In fact, it seems to be the result of a supermassive black hole that feeds on the coconut fiery gas sphere.
Although supermassive black holes are in the heart of all large galaxies, and some actually feed, scientists are not sure how they have reached the masses equal to millions or even billions of sun. This is particularly worrying when supermassive black holes are visible at a time when the universe was younger than 1 billion years.
This is because later larger and larger black holes, which are believed to create supermassive black holes, should take more than 1 billion years, even if the growth is supported by the accumulation of matter due to black holes.
The mass enlargement of black holes such as Cliff is a “turbocharger”, which means that these new black hole stars could help explain the growth of supermassive black holes.
“No one ever knows why or where this giant black hole in the center of the galaxies comes from,” Leja said. “These black hole stars can be the first phase of black hole formation, which we see today in the galaxies – supermassive black holes in their small phase of infancy.”
Related stories:
-This Webb Space Telescope sees small red dots nourishing black holes: “Here’s how you solve the problem of breaking the universe”
– Prohibited black holes and ancient stars hide these “tiny red dots” (image)
– Supermassive black hole Little Red Dot galaxies are 1000 times larger than it should be and astronomers don’t know why why
JWST certainly continues to explore small red dots in the early universe to get to the bottom of their true nature, but the team thinks their theory is the one that best suits the current image of these outraged objects.
“This is the best idea we have, and in fact the first one that fits almost all the data, so now we need to construct more,” Lya said. “It’s good to make mistakes. The universe is much strange than we can imagine, and all we can do is follow its clues. There are still great surprises.”
The team survey was published on Wednesday (September 10) in Astronomy & Astrophysics.